E-commerce Its Development and Future Prospective Essay

Introduction Technological advancements have taken the world by storm. The daily chronicles have a different story to tell with every dawn of a new day about a technological invention and/or innovation. Doing business has become competitive more than ever. This phenomenon has created a business environment that follows the clichà ©, the survival of the fittest. It is in this spirit that businesses have adopted technology to survive and remain relevant in the dynamic consumer environment. This is especially so because the world has become a global village where information, ideas and products flow between different continents have become seamless. The internet has made it easier and cheap for manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers to†¦show more content†¦E- Commerce has evolved tremendously from online billboards to a personalized shopping experience. Types of e-commerce There are three categories of e-commerce depending on the buyer-seller relationship. †¢ Business to consumer (B2C): this involves the seller who is the business organization and the buyer being the consumer. In this model, the business organization s the information source while the customer is the information seeker. †¢ Business to business (B2B): this model involves business transactions involving two or more businesses. In this case, both businesses must provide a means of exchanging business documents. The major aspects include electronic funds transfer, electronic payment fulfillment and electronic racking of transactions. †¢ Business to government (B2G): this model involves the government agencies or departments and the business organization. The operation in this model is the same as that of B2B or B2C. Advantages of e-commerce To consumers †¢ Easier accessibility †¢ Consumers are also able to compare between different products on a global platform efficiently. †¢ With digital goods such as software, consumers can order and receive the product instantly. †¢ No geographical limitation To business organizations †¢ Elimination of geographical limitation †¢ Increased sales since there is a large pool of customers †¢ Decreased transaction and operating costs Limitations of e-commerce To consumers †¢ Customers cannot inspect theShow MoreRelatedE-COMMERCE: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION E-commerce is a type of business600 Words   |  3 PagesE-COMMERCE: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION E-commerce is a type of business where individuals, firms and companies engage in business activities over an electronic network mainly internet. 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Correctional Institutions Have A Strict Budget - 1314 Words

Correctional Institutions have a strict budget. Therefore, implementing new programs is heavily reliable on how the institutions budget can be relocated to provide funds for the new program. This paper will analyse the difficulties and challenges one faces when trying to pilot a new program. The new program is a â€Å"anger management† counseling program that will require $350,000 and two new counselors. However, the program has shown impressive results in other correctional institutions. The first hurdle that has to be taken is to convince a senior leadership team to pursue the program, knowing very well that some of them are sceptical and do not take the program very seriously, since they think that the program that will lose interest very soon. In order to convince this team one could show them studies that investigated the results of the program. 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Internal Controls and Accounting Systems

Question: Write an essay on Internal Controls and Accounting Systems. Answer: Description of purpose and organisation of accounting functions within the organisation: An accounting function helps an organisation to provide accounting services along with the financial support to the organisation to which it belongs. Accounting functions records the accounting transactions such as accounts payable and accounts receivable, inventories, payrolls and all other aspects of financial transactions (Miller and Power 2013). The purpose of accounting function and its relationships with other functions within the organisation are as follows; Accounts receivable and payable: The accounts payable aspects of accounting functions record the goods and services, which an organisation receives, and the payments it owes. The accounting functions keeps records of each accounts that is payable in the form of liability and accounts receivable in the form of assets. Payroll: The payroll elements of accounting functions within an organisation ensure that the organisation makes fair and equitable payment to its workforce, which should consists of bonus, commissions and benefits (Deegan 2013). The purpose of accounting functions is to keep a watch on government tax as well as union dues. Inventory: The purpose of accounting functions is ensuring that the cost of inventory, raw materials, and administrative overheads does not negatively fluctuate cash flows. The accounting functions ensure that a balance is maintained between high level of inventories to overcome the companys cost and expenses. Explanation of business financial information systems: Purpose of Statement Profit and loss account: The purpose of profit and loss account is to provide the overview of the organisations profitability over a specific period. Statement of Profit and loss accounts is oriented towards summarization of income and revenues. The key objective behind profit and loss statement is that it allows the management to take vital decisions and to examine the organisation existing situation, and making changes as and when desired (Coates et al. 2012). The statement determines that weather the organisation generated any profit during an accounting period or it has experienced any loss during the course of business cycle. Purpose of Statement of Cash Flow: The main purpose of statement of cash flows is as follows Anticipation of future cash: The statement of cash flows provides an organisation to understand how it can manage cash and helps to anticipates the effect of existing cash receipts and cash disbursement on future cash flow of the business operations. Information about the non-cash investing and financing activities: Business firms engage in various investing and financing activities, which does not, involves the utilization of cash (Dumont and Schmit 2014). Hence, statement of cash flow enables the users to recognise the non-cash investing and financing activities which creates significant impact on the future cash flows of the business entity. Explains the changes in cash: statement of cash flows illustrates the main reason behind the change in the organisation cash and cash equivalents during a particular financial period by enumerating the details of cash, which is generated after the performance of specific operating, investing and financial activities of a business entity. Purpose of statement of financial position: The main purpose for statement of financial position is to determine the organisation financial standings as because such statements make evident the amount of money due and arrear. The purpose of the statement of financial position is to summarise the assets information and the amount of debts or liabilities a business organisation owes (Oliver 2014.). The purpose of statement of financial position is to subtract the company liabilities from the amount of assets and obtain the stakeholders equity. Explanation of accounting systems by organisational structure: The accounting systems are affected by organisation structure systems and procedures in following ways: Quality of information: When an organisation is devotes quality time and attention it develops and maintains accurate accounting systems, which helps in determining the relevancy of the companys operations. Hence, the structure of an organisation is affected by the quality of inputs, which is employed by the managerial accounting. Timeliness of information: Another factor that determines the accounting systems is the usefulness and timeliness of information, which is provided to the organisation. Hence, it must be ensured that timely and proactive response helps in effective planning. Availability of resources: It is observed that no matter the efficiency of information obtain by the business it can only be put into use unless it has the needed resources to fund the strategic projects and gain an insight to implement any strategic changes. An organisation will only be able to yield sufficient outcomes only when it employs right personnel and resources. External regulations effecting accounting practices: External regulations affecting the accounting practice are as follows Taxation regulations: The tax regulations effecting the policies and procedures of an organisation such as value added tax returns, format of invoice, rates of taxations applied and the amount of corporation tax paid. Company Law: The companies act requires a company to make the financial statements to be audited and the audited statements are to be drawn up in a set of format before sending the statement to the stakeholders. Large Organisation is required to send complete version of these statements to the organisation where it can be made available for the access of public and stakeholders (Baldwin et al. 2012). Law relating to late payment: As set out in the act late payment of commercial debts allows the suppliers with the opportunity to charge interest on the late payment of invoices. Hence, the above stated external regulation creates a impacts on the users caused by external regulations on the organisations policies and procedures. 2. Understanding the importance and use of internal controls: Identification of external regulation in accounting practices: The external regulations affecting the accounting practices are as follows; Preserving and retaining the financial documents such as purchase and sales invoice, bank reconciliation statement, records of payroll for a period of not less than six years. Safely disposing off the records after the expiry of mandatory period of six years Quick and safe disposal of information which is of confidential nature such for example credit cards details sent in mail orders Setting, monitoring and enforcing accounting and auditing standards Promoting high standard of external regulation within the organisation for corporate governance Causes and types of fraud: Fraud can be defined as the intentional act on the part of employees so that they can gain an unfair and illegal advantage. Causes of fraud: The main causes of fraud are as follows Dishonesty: It is noteworthy to denote that the main cause of fraud is dishonesty and it usually arises due to personality and cultural factors. Motivation: According to Young and Peng (2013), fraud often arises due to motivation, which means that there are certain kinds of needs which are unsatisfied and the employees commit fraud on non-satisfaction of such needs. Opportunity: As stated by Clikeman (2013), some frauds arises due to opportunity which represents that whenever an employee gets an opportunity or chance he performs the act of fraud. Types of fraud: There are certain kinds of frauds, which are listed below; Theft of property or tangible cash or information such as copying or selling the information database of company to the rival company Falsification of records so that the property or the amount of money is passed to the wrong person Collusion: This type of fraud represents setting up an employee or someone else outside the organisation. For instance sending up of false invoice to supplier regarding fabricated transactions that never happened and authorising the person outside the organisation. Impact of fraud: Impact of fraud can relate to the financial position of the organisation. Fraud can result in major loss of organisation financial and liquidity position along with affecting the profitability of the organisation. Therefore, according to Clikeman (2013) the impact of fraud is insignificant as it effects the employees pension and other major activities of the organisation. Methods of detecting frauds: Frauds can be detected by an experienced manager or simply by observing through the experience. Methods that can be used to detect fraud in accounting systems are as follows; Employees acting suspiciously and always looking to shift and hide the paperwork of the organisation Employees spending beyond the income level than they are actually paid. Employees having grudge against the organisation where they have not been considered for promotion due to the political or ethical issues Employees who are always known to be running out of money or struggling due to high mortgage debts Employees who are working long hours and taking less than the given amount of holidays and leave so that they can commit any activity of fraud when there is no one to look into the suspicious act and uncover the act of criminal activity (Pierson et al. 2013). Types of control for ensuring compliance: Types of controls that can be put into place to ensure compliance with statutory organisation requirements are as follows: Automotive compliance measures: One of the elements of ensuring compliance is to identify weak internal controls. Perhaps a better way of improving that control is to measure and automate them whenever it is possible by the organisation. With the help of automation it is easy to eliminate human errors and loss of documentations. Documentation of efforts: One of the best ways to ensure compliance in an organisation is the maintaining corporate responsibility. Duties should be segregated and management should provide documented policies that help in outlining the responsibilities of employees (Simons 2013). Collaboration and coordination: To preserve continuous success and growth it is mandatory that different departments work together and communicate regarding the procedure of compliance requirements. It is best advised to involve Information technology in organisation compliance systems. Evaluation of security measures: Encouraging people on regular basis helps to brainstorm about the hypothetical ways in which information could be compromised and appropriate measures can be taken so that the security measures are not breached. The best way of security evaluation is documenting the security procedures and on revaluating them on regular basis. Internal control systems accounting functions: Internal control systems support accounting functions in following ways: Safeguarding of assets: Internal control systems help in ensuring that the businesss physical and monetary assets are protected from possible frauds, theft and error. Preventing detection of fraud and error: Internal control systems help in quick location and identification of errors and fraud when they take place. Ensuring completeness: The internal accounting procedures support accounting systems by ensuring completeness in all the records and transactions that are included in the reports of business (Skaife et al. 2012). Accuracy: Internal control supports accounting functions by ensuring accuracy in amounts that are recorded and correctness of accounts. Validity: It ensures that the invoices generated must be related to work performed or products received and the business entity has incurred the liability properly. 3. Evaluate the accounting systems and identify the areas for improvement: Identification of organisation accounting systems: An accounting systems consists of the following hardware and software such as Accounting framework: Accounting framework consist of the set of principles such as coding and grouping of the configuration of accounting Front-end interface: This is defined as the connecting link or a dialogue between the user and data base oriented software, which enables the user to communicate with the back end database. Back end database: This is identified as one the information storage data systems which is concealed from the users and take action according to the requirements of the users to the extent where the users are authorised to access. Data processing: it is a series of actions that are taken to alter the statistics into decision which is constructive for information Reporting systems: This is regarded as an incorporated set of objects, which helps in constituting report. Review of record keeping systems: The record keeping systems meet the organisational requirements in the following ways: Governance and accountability: Accountability can be crucial for a responsible government. In order to meet the records of the organisation it is mandatory to ensure that the procedure for accountability is well managed. According to Demski (2013) accountability ensures integrity and authenticity through time and maintaining records enables the employees to remain accountable to the managers. Hence, accountability is critical to a responsible government that allows permission to the managers to account for the heads of government in order to represent the interest of the society. Controlling payroll: In several organisations, payrolls are manipulated with non-existing employees who draw salary in the name of others. Therefore, the files of personnel should be the primary source of evidence that a person should exists in reality. An integrated accounting system helps in grading appropriate salary along with the additional benefits which have been properly authorised. Entries in the appropriate database can be checked against the authorised sources so that it can ensure that the actual payment is made to the person who is present in the organisation. Financial management: A good record keeping is useful for clear and accountable financial management. Without having actual records of actual expenditure, the procedure of budget preparation becomes useless proper accounting systems are employed in the organisation. An integrated accounting system helps the organisation to facilitate appropriate method of budgeting and enables debt management so that the records of borrowing are completely preserved. Identification of weakness and impact of operation of the organisation: Identification of weakness of the organisation: Security administration functions does not seems to be following best practices Reconciliation of accounting systems is not being done on regular timely basis It is understood that the policies and procedures for monitoring accounts are not always in place Integration of financial accounting systems has not been achieved (Cavka et al. 2015).. Impact on the operations of the organisations: Inadequate electronic security could lead to unauthorised access which can lead to loss of data. Poor monitoring controls allow some errors to go unnoticed which comprising of data accuracy and validity along with the increase in the risk of loss and corruption. Without the help of proper controls, organisations do not have the assurance of payments for goods and services that have been received. Bypassing the electronic framework maximises the risk of data valuation which remains unchecked due to the prevailing factor of duplicate information. Identification of potential areas of fraud: Identification of potential areas of fraud arising out of accounting systems and their potential risks are as follows; 0Employees abusing their position: It is noticed that many frauds takes place in the profit and loss accounts where the expenses are overstated or income not representing the actual figure. Frauds here consists of few pounds or fiddle expenses where nobody checks the notes received from supplier such as invoices consisting of higher quantities of prices of goods than those delivered or agreed. Suppliers taking advantage: It is observed that if an organisation has poor procedures of checking supplies the suppliers takes undue advantage. Falsification of cheques: If an employer hands his chequebooks to the book keeper in hurry to sign an invoice, the book keeper will fill up the line of payee before sending out the cheque (Cooper et al 2013). Ultimately, the year ending figures of business might not look good and the investigations identifies missing invoices that the book keeper has been making these cheques payable to himself. Theft of confidential information: There could be theft of financial information such as the list of customers intellectual property rights and industrial process from disgruntled employees. Hence, these are the potential areas of frauds which lead to risk in the operations of the organisations. 4. Conduct and ethical evaluation of accounting systems Evaluation of accounting systems against ethical principles: Evaluation of accounting systems consists of ethics, which is involved, in the financial reporting activities of an organisation. Generally, accepted accounting principles define the ethical practices and principles of accounting systems. Nature of work: It is noteworthy to denote that accountants, auditors and accounting clerks must maintain a high ethical standard when dealing with the financial data. It is understood that major part of financial data within a business entity are regarded as highly confidential and are only available for few peoples access (Boatright 2013). This demands the accountants, auditors and clerks to determine the nature of secrecy of information and deploy ethical standards while conversing about transactions outside the organisation. Internal controls: Internal controls can be referred to as one of the ways through which an accounting systems ethics are protected by separating the functions of internal users from the organisation. Internal controls systems do not even require reporting of financial reports because the organisation privately ensures that the statements of financial reports are accurate and it is still a part of ethical accounting systems. Accurate information: Another ethical issues concerning within an accounting systems consists of validating the procedure of data entry accurately into the accounting systems. It is evident that humans makes mistake, all the financial transactions must be thoroughly verified, and hard copy should be maintained for back up of documentations. Therefore, errors that occur must be corrected and adjusted in order to provide a complete audit trial. It is the duty of the auditors to ensure that all the transactions are recorded from beginning till the end with appropriate documentation for supporting back up of recorded transactions. Identification of possible breach of professional ethics: Possible or actual breach of professional ethics: The principle of integrity imposes an obligation on all professional accountants to maintain professional ethics in professional business. Integrity also ensures that fair and truthfulness should be maintained however, there is certain possible or actual breach concerning professional ethics; Containing a materially false or misleading statement is considered to have performed breach of professional ethics Containing statements or information which is furnished recklessly is said to have performed breach of professional ethics Falsification of financial statements and mis-stating the financial data is act of possible breach Wilfully omitting and obscuring the information which is required to be included where such omission and obscurity would be misleading If a professional accountant provides a modified financial report by omitting the matters of financial importance is considered to have committed breach of professional ethics (Alleyne et al. 2014). 5. Sustainability evaluation of accounting systems Evaluation of accounting systems against sustainable practice: Evaluation of accounting systems is based on the following principles of sustainability, which are as follows Three dimensional sustainability accounting: Traditionally financial accounting systems keeps the records of the financially related stocks maintains the flows of the organisation in the forms of profit and loss account and statement of financial position (Ball et al 2012). Sustainability accounting makes the effort to provide extra information through three dimension sustainability accounting; Timing: Under this dimension, the information can be provided with the help of snapshot during the phase of stock of goods and services over a period of time arising from inventories. Place of impact: This dimensions takes into account the impact located in accounts. It generally locates weather the impact is located either internally of outside the reporting boundaries. Type of impact: The type of impact that is identified under this dimension can be either environmental or economical. Internal accounting sustainability: The principle of accounting summarizes internal monetary flows, which is associated with the performance of the economic, social and environmental dimensions. Cost and benefits that are already included in the reporting of financial accounts and are rearranged to illustrate the beforehand hidden savings. The principle of accounting sustainability states that the information that is extracted from the current accounting systems and re-presented to demonstrate the related aspects of the current expense patters are inter connected with the associated financial benefits or costs occurred, External principles of sustainability accounting: It is to be understood that internal principles of sustainability deals with the financial flow of cash which are beforehand on the somewhere in the aspects of financial accounts. On the other hand, external principles of sustainability accounting are concerned with the cost and benefit externally which are not presently accounted for by the organisation. It is observed under this accounting that social and environmental cost and benefits might be either recorded on someone else financial statement or it is not recorded at all (Gond et al. 2012). External benefits consist of community amusement of university facilities such as movie theatre, library and swimming pools so as to maintain the absorption of biological diversity. Sustainability principles of balance sheet accounting: As mentioned earlier that the above two principles deals with the flow of cash and cost benefit from the internal and external aspects of profit and loss accounts. These flows can also be converted into changes in inventories. However, the value of stocks that will be represented should be less developed aspects of accounting principles. The current practice shows that balance sheet already considers the internal generation of stocks. For instance, the quality of accounting represents the overall valuation of stocks in order to recognise the inward and outward flow of cash. Hence, the intangible assets are considered as the internal stocks on which an organisation may want to place money and incorporate the traditional cost accounts to assist its decision making procedures. Identification of areas of improvement: The identified areas for improvement under sustainability accounting are as follows; External benchmarking functions: As mentioned earlier that, benchmarking can be considered as directional insights into the functions of individual such as finance, human resource and IT. On the other hand, the sub functions consists of accounts payable which shows that specific illustrations can be made to the cost configuration and process than general across the board cost reduction functions. It is to be understood that the procedure is apparent and purposeful. Therefore, the data obtained from benchmark is very helpful in convincing the managers with the purposeful accountability, which identifies that cost cutting methods is needed (De Waal 2013). Quantitative assessment of value drivers: Acquiring an understanding of the internal buyer seller relationships amid numerous areas of functions quantitative assessment provides the managers to determine how individual functions can be enhanced by providing value beyond mere efficiencies. Qualitative interviews of stakeholders: Holding discussions with the organisation important share holders results in better understanding of organisational intricacies that can provide added insights into the probable management through buy-in and enforcing challenges within the organisation. Review of the targeted operational levers: One the areas for improvement has been recognized supervisors should look into the development levers that have already been put into practice to what extent and what else can be done to improve the overall design and structure of the organisation. 6. Making recommendation to improve accounting Recommendations for changes in accounting systems: Recommendations to changes in the accounting systems are as follows; Harmonisation of accounting process with the help of the international financial organisation incurs the reformation of budget through the help of modernization of accounting systems. Implementing fund accounting also underlies new and improved method of employing accounting framework so that the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenditures are identified through the help of separate budgeting procedures. Consolidation of data is another method of maintaining accrual and cash basis of accounting. It has become obligatory in many organisations however, implementing such measures helps in changing the accounting systems. Implementation of Financial management information system is becoming obligatory in the management of budgetary entities. Identifying the effects of changes on users: One of the important aspects effecting the changes on users of financial information is the effect on profitability. Another effect which can be seen due the effect of changes is the decision making process and improvement of the prevailing and timely information arising from accounting information systems. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of accounting information consist of comparability and timeliness of decision making along with the consequences which will affect the profitability of the organisation (Demski et al 2013). Changes in the accounting systems enables real accounting systems to meet the needs of the decision makers by providing summary of accounting reports for the purpose of business management and control. Importance of training: Even though the accountants receives training in collage regarding the practice of accounting methods, practices and procedures they might not have the familiarity with a specific accounting systems of a particular organisations. Providing manual training for accounting systems helps the user to use input screens and complex interfaces, which requires the personnel to understand the systems of accounting. Training helps the individual to know and understand the use of specific accounting data. Most the accounting systems do not allows the non-financial users to access any accounting information. Thus, training enables the individuals to understand the use of accounting systems through for proper handling of information. Preparation of cost benefits analysis: Cost benefit analysis is considered as one of the common tools for business planning which involves comparing the likely cost and the benefits of the potential projects to choose those that generate high amount of net benefit. Cost benefit analysis consist of following Simplicity: Cost benefit analysis is helpful for the business firms as they simplify the complexities in business decision. Different business projects might consist of vast types of projects and expenses but cost benefit analysis helps in making cost simple for the purpose of comparison of projects (Ferwerda 2014). Objectivity: Another benefit of cost benefit analysis is that it provides the business with the objectivity of projections of cost. Business owners who have invested a huge sum of money in a certain projects determine the purpose of the projects through cost benefit analysis. Setting of goals: Cost benefit analysis enables an organisation to predetermine the benefit of the project by predicting the cost of project. Thus, cost estimation can provide a business an estimated idea of lowest amount of revenue which an organisation is required to produce to gain break even through setting up of goals. Reference List: Alleyne, P., Weekes-Marshall, D., Estwick, S. and Chaderton, R., 2014. Factors Influencing Ethical Intentions Among Future Accounting Professionals in the Caribbean.Journal of Academic Ethics,12(2), pp.129-144. Baldwin, R., Cave, M. and Lodge, M., 2012.Understanding regulation: theory, strategy, and practice. Oxford University Press on Demand. Ball, A., Grubnic, S. and Birchall, J., 2014. 11 Sustainability accounting and accountability in the public sector.Sustainability accounting and accountability, p.176. Boatright, J.R., 2013.Ethics in finance. John Wiley Sons. Boatright, J.R., 2013.Ethics in finance. John Wiley Sons. Brown, P., Preiato, J. and Tarca, A., 2014. Measuring country differences in enforcement of accounting standards: An audit and enforcement proxy.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,41(1-2), pp.1-52. Cavka, H.B., Staub-French, S. and Pottinger, R., 2015. Evaluation of organisational context and requirements for leveraging building information models to support handover and operations maintenance. Clikeman, P.M., 2013.Called to Account: Financial frauds that shaped the accounting profession. Routledge. Coates, C.R., Jones, A. and Coates, M.W., 2012. The profit and loss account.Veterinary practice management, pp.107-111. Cooper, D.J., Dacin, T. and Palmer, D.A., 2013. Fraud in accounting, organizations and society: Extending the boundaries of research.Accounting, Organizations Society,38(6-7), pp.440-457. De Waal, A., 2013.Strategic Performance Management: A managerial and behavioural approach. Palgrave Macmillan. Deegan, C., 2013.Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Demski, J., 2013.Managerial uses of accounting information. Springer Science Business Media. DOWNEY, P.M. and ROMAN, J.K., 2014. Cost-Benefit Analysis. Dumont, G. and Schmit, M., 2014. Tier-1 MFIs' Financial Performance: Cash-Flow Statement Analysis Version 2.0. Ferwerda, J., 2014. Cost-benefit analysis.Chapters. Gond, J.P., Grubnic, S., Herzig, C. and Moon, J., 2012. Configuring management control systems: Theorizing the integration of strategy and sustainability.Management Accounting Research,23(3), pp.205-223. Income, C. and Sheet, C.B., 2012. Financial statements. McKinney, J.B., 2015.Effective financial management in public and nonprofit agencies. ABC-CLIO. Miller, P. and Power, M., 2013. Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory.The Academy of Management Annals,7(1), pp.557-605. Oliver, K., 2014. Balance Sheet Presentation under IAS 1 and US GAAP. Pierson, G. and DeHaan, J., Iovation, Inc., 2015.Network security and fraud detection system and method. U.S. Patent 9,203,837. Rainer, R.K., Cegielski, C.G., Splettstoesser-Hogeterp, I. and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C., 2013.Introduction to information systems: Supporting and transforming business. John Wiley Sons. Sauaia, A.C.A., 2014. Evaluation of performance in business games: financial and non financial approaches.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,28. Saxton, G.D., 2012. New media and external accounting information: A critical review.Australian Accounting Review,22(3), pp.286-302. Simons, R., 2013.Levers of control: how managers use innovative control systems to drive strategic renewal. Harvard Business Press. Skaife, H.A., Veenman, D. and Wangerin, D., 2013. Internal control over financial reporting and managerial rent extraction: Evidence from the profitability of insider trading.Journal of Accounting and Economics,55(1), pp.91-110. Strumickas, M. and Valanciene, L., 2015. Research of management accounting changes in Lithuanian business organizations.Engineering Economics,63(4). Warren, C.S., Reeve, J.M. and Duchac, J., 2013.Financial managerial accounting. Cengage Learning. Young, S.M. and Peng, E.Y., 2013. An analysis of accounting frauds and the timing of analyst coverage decisions and recommendation revisions: Evidence from the US.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,40(3-4), pp.399-437.

Spiritual Laws Of Sucess Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Religious Laws Of Sucess Essay, Research Paper Following the Seven Spiritual Laws of Success has made me the individual that I am today. The Torahs that we have followed have been the Law of Pure Potentiality, the Law of Giving, the Law of Karma or Cause and Effect, the Law of Least Effort, the Law of Intention and Desire, the Law of Detachment, and the Law of Dharma or Purpose in Life. These Torahs have taught me that success is non a finish it is a journey. They have taught me that true success is the flowering of the deity within us. And following these stairss has helped me to happen success with in myself. Using the first measure in the Law of Pure Potentiality was really hard for me because I live on campus. It was really hard for me to chew over one time a twenty-four hours, allow alone twice a twenty-four hours. We will write a custom essay sample on Spiritual Laws Of Sucess Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The lone clip I was able to, was in the forenoon when the remainder of my roomies were kiping. I wake up 15 proceedingss early, wash my face so that I do non fall back to kip and so I go back into my room and sit on my bed to seek and chew over. This works like 4 times a hebdomad because I am normally excessively tired and fall back to kip. The yearss that I can remain awake and chew over I feel much happier with my ego. It normally clears my caput and makes it seem like I have no concerns. Everyday I follow the 2nd measure of the Law of Pure Potentiality. I commune with nature. Most yearss I merely sit in the green and watch the foliages blow around, I normally pick out one peculiar foliage and ticker where it goes. I follow the foliage on its journey, it is truly astonishing. Once a hebdomad I try to travel to Verona Park and stand on the span over the pool and watch the H2O flow and the geese and ducks swim. My clip in the park and in the green truly mellows me out because I see how free the animate beings and the workss and the H2O unrecorded and recognize all my concerns in the long tally are non truly of import. It makes me see how simple life truly is. The 3rd measure in the Law of Pure Potentiality was the most hard to obey, it still is highly hard for me. All my life for some ground I have been judgmental, I ever made remarks on others apparels or their demeanour. Not ever in a negative manner, normally I am merely saying things that I have noticed. It is like 2nd nature to me particularly because my household and friends are the same manner. After larning about this jurisprudence and discoursing it I noticed how much I really do it. Everyday I catch myself traveling to do remarks. I normally I stop myself before I speak, I do non ever though. It is really hard for me, it upsets me a batch when I am judgmental. I have gotten much better than I was. I notice how I am non judging where in the past I usually would. The Law of Giving stairss are non as hard for me to follow as the Law of Pure Potentiality. The first measure is the hardest for me. I do non ever retrieve to convey a gift wherever I go, and sometimes I feel like it is inappropriate, that others will believe that I am eldritch. Like when I am traveling to person that I do non cognize that good # 8217 ; s house for a short clip, and when I go to my fellows # 8217 ; house because I go at that place so frequently I think they would believe it was unusual that I was ever conveying gifts. Although, when I go to friends houses for dinner or for nightlong I do conveying a gift, like cookies, french friess, or sodium carbonate. Something little that they would appreciate and really utilize. I have ever done that because that is what my female parent taught me to make, out of courtesy. The 2nd measure of the Law of Giving is non that hard because who doesn # 8217 ; Ts like gifts. Sometimes I get diffident and have problem accepting them b ut most of the clip I do non hold a job. Accepting the gifts of nature is non difficult for me to make because I ever halt and look and appreciate how lucky I am to be where I am and how lucky I am to cognize how beautiful that life is. The 3rd measure of the Law of Giving I do every dark before I go to bed. I do this through my relationship with God. When I pray at dark I pray that everyone that I have met and that I know will be happy and healthy. That is how I follow this jurisprudence, I think that it is a good manner, and the best manner for me to set this jurisprudence into action. The three stairss that I must follow when seting the Law of Karma into action I do all in one measure. When I make a pick, I stop and inquire myself what the effects of my actions will convey and I ask for counsel to assist me come the determination that is right for me and compensate for all those that will be affected by my pick. For major picks making all of these stairss is non hard for me. For illustration, when I had to do the determination of whether or non to discontinue my occupation at the beauty salon that worked at because of an statement with my foreman. My initial reaction to the statement was to discontinue on the topographic point because I had another occupation that would give me more hours if I needed them and because I did non necessitate the extra emphasis that it was doing me. Then I stopped and thought about the pick that I would be doing. I thought about what would go on to me if I quit and how it would impact the other people that I worked for. I thought abou t how I truly enjoyed the occupation and the people that I worked with, and how I would lose the experience. Then I thought about how discontinuing would non merely be aching my foreman, who I was angry with, but it would besides ache everyone else that worked there. I realized that this determination, like most determinations, would non merely be impacting me. Then I imagined what it would be like non working at that place any longer and I became disquieted because I knew deep down that it would non be the right thing for me to make particularly if I did it that suddenly. The clip I spent believing about discontinuing besides lessened the badness of the statement and I realized that such a cockamamie dissension was no ground to discontinue a occupation over. The clip that I spent looking a the effects of my actions made me in the terminal decide that I should non discontinue, and since that state of affairs I have seen more and more how damaging it would hold been if I had. If I ha d non followed these stairss I would hold made a large error. These stairss are easy to follow on major determinations like me discontinuing my occupation, they are really hard to follow for miniscule determinations like what clip I should travel to the cafeteria for dinner. It seems like a waste of clip for me to sit and believe about what might go on if I go at 5:00 as opposed to traveling at 6:00. It is besides hard for me to do the first measure of even recognizing that I am doing a pick. Such little determinations are so commonplace and go on so frequently that I do non even notice that they are go oning. My life style is so hurried and rushed that it is about impossible for me to see them. I am trusting that in the hereafter I will be able to halt and detect these determinations that I make every twenty-four hours and use this jurisprudence to these determinations. After larning and moving on this jurisprudence I have seen that its is truly true. One twenty-four hours in categ ory Professor Diab asked us to assist her make her mailing lists because she could non make it entirely. She told us that it if we helped her that something similar would go on to us because of this jurisprudence. She besides said it would non come to us or we would non be able to see it if we are looking for it, so I wholly blocked it out of my head. Late that dark my friends and I went to Dunkin Donuts for a late dark bite. We were all really hungry but since we are hapless college pupils we were really limited on what we could acquire. When we order our nutrient the teller told us we could acquire every bit much as we wanted. She gave us 60 free munchins, 4 free drinks, and 4 free doughnuts, for no ground. It was the refund of assisting out Professor Diab. Like this jurisprudence teaches, what you sow is what you reap. What goes about comes around. I helped out my instructor and in bend the adult female at Dunkin Donuts helped us out. Puting the Law of Least Effort I nto consequence has been highly hard for me to make. I am a really strong-willed individual ; it is really difficult for me to accept the positions of other people. Every individual in my household is ever right all the clip. We all have problem acknowledging to being incorrect. The first measure of practising credence and the last measure of practising defencelessness are the most hard for me. In many state of affairss in the yesteryear I have gotten into het statements with people whose position differed from mine, and I besides get defensive when people say that I am incorrect. I ever defend my positions because I do non desire to look like I do non cognize what I am speaking about. I have been making my best to follow these stairss. Now when people disagree with me I listen to their positions and accept that they feel otherwise than I do. When people question my positions I do non acquire defensive I merely state them that they have their ain positions and that I have my ain. Thr ough this jurisprudence I have learned and seen that when I do non accept other people’s positions that I am merely aching myself by fighting with them. After I accept state of affairss and things for what they are I accept duty for my actions in these state of affairss. I can now see that in what may foremost look to be a job is an chance in camouflage. For illustration, me neglecting the fiscal accounting class that I am taking at first seems to be a large job in that it is conveying down my classs and that I had antecedently thought that I wanted to go an accountant. But after practising this jurisprudence I have realized that it is a approval in camouflage because it has enabled me to see that going an history is non the best calling for me. Failing this class is coercing me look at other possible businesss that I could hold and that I will be much happier in. Me practising defencelessness has changed me a great trade. In staying unfastened to different points of position and listening to others alternatively of supporting myself I have seen and learned so much. Using this jurisprudence has taught me how to listen and how non to merely hear people when we speak. I began using the Law of Intention and Desire in category. I made a list of my desires. I carry it around with me mundane, I keep it in the back pocket of my bloomerss. I look at this sheet of paper when I wake up in the forenoon and before I go to bed at dark. On this list are things like how I want to make good in school and how I want my male parent to be proud of me, and how when I get older I want to be merrily married with a household. I believe in destiny and I have accepted the fact that when things do non look to be traveling my manner that there is a ground for it and that there is a greater image that I merely do non see where things are working out. This jurisprudence has made me accept things and occurrences for what they are and that my hereafter is what hI brand of it through my purposes and desires. For illustration, I know that if my fellow I are to interrupt up that there is greater ground for it. That the stoping of our relationship will non intend that I am destin ed to be entirely for the remainder of my life, it will merely intend that I non intend to be with him and that interrupting up with him is leting me to day of the month other people. And in dating other people I will some twenty-four hours happen my psyche mate. I have surrendered all of my desires to the uterus of creative activity knowing that the cosmic program has designs for me much grander so even those I have conceived. I now focus on present-moment consciousness non leting my concerns of the hereafter devour my life. The first measure in Law of Detachment Teachs me to take part in everything with degage engagement. I have had to accept the fact that I do non hold the reply to everything, and that in trying to happen the replies creates extra jobs. I have brought this measure into every facet of my life. I have used this measure to assist with my categories. Not following this measure is shown when I try to do an reply on my math prep work. When I used to make this, a different job will be on a trial and because I forced the reply to work on the prep I am unable to calculate it out the right reply. By accepting that I do non cognize the replies every thing the solutions to the job are able to emerge out of the job with out me detecting. Bringing me to the 2nd measure of the Law of Detachment. The more unsure that things seem to be the more secure I will experience because I now am comfy with uncertainness. Geting into this life style has made me able experience all the escapade and enigma in life. I am no longer scared of what is traveling to go on I accept that I do non cognize and I go with the flow. By no longer holding to worry about holding the reply and definitions of life I have found security in the fact that I do non cognize what is traveling to go on and that the replies will happen me. The stairss needed to be followed to set the Law of Dharma or Purpose in Life into action have taught me many things. By following the first measure I have nurtured my psyche, and my inner being. Fostering myself has brought out and made me see all of the beautiful endowments that I possess that set me apart from others. This realisation has led me to the following measure. After I followed the first measure and found my endowments I wrote them down on a piece of paper. I keep this paper with me at all times because there are times when I will see another endowment that I possess that I have non antecedently seen. For illustration, when I look into myself I saw that I had the endowment of being a fostering individual along with other endowments. I did non hold on the list that I have the endowment of holding the ability to remain true to myself and that I do non clasp under equal force per unit area. I realized this when I was at a party and a group of people wanted me to make shroom s with them. They were really relentless in acquiring me to make it. They would non go forth me alone it got to the point where they were dissing me for non making it, by stating I was a babe and non a existent friend. It was something right out of a Television film. I neer gave in though I repeatedly said no and turned them down and finally I left the party and said you cats are non worth me cognizing because they were so wholly non accepting the fact that I did non desire to make the drugs. Afterwards I thought about what had happened I realized there are many people that I know that would non hold done the same thing in that state of affairs. And I was proud of myself, I realized that this was another endowment that I possessed. I took out my paper while no 1 was looking and added it to my list. I use this list and the recognition of these endowments to assist others. I know that when others are in a similar state of affairs I will support them and their positions. Making this, u tilizing my endowments to assist others makes me experience really good about myself. I now have moved on to the 3rd measure of the Law of Dharma or Purpose in Life. I ask myself mundane How I can assist others. I have realized that the replies to this inquiry will assist me to function my fellow human existences with love. And with assisting my fellow human existences with love I am in bend assisting myself with love. These stairss have helped me get down to happen the deity with in myself, or happen success. I have non to the full found myself because I have non been able to utilize or understand these Torahs wholly. They have been really hard for me to follow because they are inquiring me to alter my life wholly. I have started to slowly implement them and take a good sum of clip on each jurisprudence trusting that seting Forth a great trade of attempt will do them easier to carry through. Through pattern and speculation I think that I will go more comfy with these Torahs to the point where I do non even notice that I am following them. When this category ends I will non halt utilizing these Torahs, I have realized the mistake in my ways. I believe that following these Torahs will convey me to true felicity and success.